Wittgenstein Nachlass Graphics

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== History ==
== History ==
As most Wittgenstein scholars and aficionados are well aware, the [https://wab.uib.no/ Wittgenstein Archives at the University of Bergen] maintain a rich collection of online resources related to Ludwig Wittgenstein's ''Nachlass''.
As most Wittgenstein scholars and enthusiasts are well aware, the [https://wab.uib.no/ Wittgenstein Archives at the University of Bergen] maintain a rich collection of online resources related to Ludwig Wittgenstein's ''Nachlass''.


In particular, since 2012, the WAB's [https://wab.uib.no/sfb/ "Semantic faceted search and browsing" (SFB) website] allows readers and researchers across the globe to search, filter and display individual remarks from the ''Nachlass'', or collections thereof, based upon their content or relevant metadata. Since 2016, the WAB's [https://wab.uib.no/transform/wab.php?modus=opsjoner "Interactive dynamic presentation" (IDP) website] makes it possible for users to view entire manuscripts or typescripts to display the text of Wittgenstein's writings, in a linear or diplomatic style, while dynamically selecting what information to display.
In particular, since 2012, the WAB's [https://wab.uib.no/sfb/ "Semantic faceted search and browsing" (SFB) website] allows readers and researchers across the globe to search, filter and display individual remarks from the ''Nachlass'', or collections thereof, based upon their content or relevant metadata. Since 2016, the WAB's [https://wab.uib.no/transform/wab.php?modus=opsjoner "Interactive dynamic presentation" (IDP) website] makes it possible for users to view entire manuscripts or typescripts, in a linear or diplomatic style, while dynamically selecting which sets of information to display.


Both work by using dedicated software to index and parse the WAB's transcriptions of Wittgenstein's manuscripts and typescripts. These are based on the handwritten or typed material and encoded as [[wikipedia:XML|XML]] files according to the [[wikipedia:Text Encoding Initiative|TEI guidelines]]. While they were originally published as part of the CD-based Bergen Electronic Edition, the SFB and IDP websites now allow anyone who has an Internet to easily browse them.
Both websites use dedicated software to index and parse the WAB's transcriptions of Wittgenstein's manuscripts and typescripts. These are based on the handwritten or typed material and are encoded as [[wikipedia:XML|XML]] files according to the [[wikipedia:Text Encoding Initiative|TEI guidelines]]. While they were originally published as part of the CD-based Bergen Electronic Edition, the SFB and IDP websites now allow anyone who has an Internet connection to easily browse them.


As of late 2022, the many graphics and figures that Wittgenstein had included in the 20.000 pages he wrote were rendered by the transcriptions in two main alternative ways:
As of late 2022, the many graphics and figures that Wittgenstein had included in the 20.000 pages he wrote were rendered by these transcriptions in one of two ways:
* Some had been encoded using a combination of [[wikipedia:Unicode|Unicode]] characters (such as letters, numbers, dashes, arrows...) and XML markup that the IDP parsing engine renders as HTML;
# Some had been encoded using a combination of [[wikipedia:Unicode|Unicode]] characters (such as letters, numbers, dashes, arrows...) and XML markup that the IDP parsing engine renders as HTML;
* Others (generally speaking, those that were visually more complex) had been redrawn, as had previously been done by publishers with the drawings included in Wittgenstein's writings that had appeared in print.
# Others (generally speaking, those that were visually more complex) had been redrawn, as had previously been done by publishers with the drawings included in Wittgenstein's writings that had appeared in print.
 
<div class="side-by-side-image-row">
<div class="side-by-side-image-container">
[[File:Previous generation images - 130,100.jpg|250px|center|class=img-comfy]]
Example of point one above:
</div>
<div class="side-by-side-image-container">
[[File:Previous generation images - 130,100.jpg|250px|center|class=img-comfy]]
Example of point two above: the early redrawn version of Wittgenstein's graphic in [http://www.wittgensteinsource.org/Ms-130,100_f Ms-130, page 100].
</div>
</div>


The quality and consistency of the WAB's redrawn graphics, however, was not considered entirely satisfactory. This prompted Alois Pichler, director of the WAB, and Michele Lavazza, coordinator of the [https://wittgensteinproject.org/ Ludwig Wittgenstein Project], to start a cooperation intended to redraw all these visuals.
The quality and consistency of the WAB's redrawn graphics, however, was not considered entirely satisfactory. This prompted Alois Pichler, director of the WAB, and Michele Lavazza, coordinator of the [https://wittgensteinproject.org/ Ludwig Wittgenstein Project], to start a cooperation intended to redraw all these visuals.
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After the completion of the redrawing phase, it started to seem desirable that the image files should also become available – ''i.e.'', browsable and searchable – in and of themselves, and not only as an integral part of the manuscripts. Thus, Michele Lavazza built this website ([[Main Page|{{SITENAME}}]]) to host the files and used data from the WAB's XML transcriptions, combined with a database-like infrastructure powered by [https://semantic-mediawiki.org Semantic MediaWiki], to make it possible to search and filter them by description tags as well as by manuscript number. In this task, he received help from Frederic Kettelhoit and continued working in cooperation with Alois Pichler.
After the completion of the redrawing phase, it started to seem desirable that the image files should also become available – ''i.e.'', browsable and searchable – in and of themselves, and not only as an integral part of the manuscripts. Thus, Michele Lavazza built this website ([[Main Page|{{SITENAME}}]]) to host the files and used data from the WAB's XML transcriptions, combined with a database-like infrastructure powered by [https://semantic-mediawiki.org Semantic MediaWiki], to make it possible to search and filter them by description tags as well as by manuscript number. In this task, he received help from Frederic Kettelhoit and continued working in cooperation with Alois Pichler.
<div class="side-by-side-image-row">
<div class="side-by-side-image-container">
[[File:Previous generation images - 130,100.jpg|250px|center|class=img-comfy]]
Early redrawn version of the 130,100 graphic.
</div>
<div class="side-by-side-image-container">
[[File:130,100.png|250px|center|class=img-comfy]]
Current redrawn version of the 130,100 graphic.
</div>
</div>


Finally, at this stage, it became clear that an added value would be provided by the fact of also indexing the visuals that had been rendered in the WAB's transcriptions by the abovementioned combination of Unicode characters and XML tags. These are currently represented by grey placeholders that merely serve the purpose of being the bearers of the semantic tags (more on this topic in the "User guide" below). It is our hope that in the future, with the evolution and continuous improvement of the transcriptions, it will become possible to also include their visual appearance in this website.
Finally, at this stage, it became clear that an added value would be provided by the fact of also indexing the visuals that had been rendered in the WAB's transcriptions by the abovementioned combination of Unicode characters and XML tags. These are currently represented by grey placeholders that merely serve the purpose of being the bearers of the semantic tags (more on this topic in the "User guide" below). It is our hope that in the future, with the evolution and continuous improvement of the transcriptions, it will become possible to also include their visual appearance in this website.
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